Nacha consolidated and added new rules which led to ACH. The difficulty in compliance between different organizations led them to join to form National Automated Clearinghouse Association (Nacha) in 1974. Other regional ACH associations followed. This led to the first ACH association, formed in California in 1972. Separately in 1968 a group of check clearinghouse associations set up The Special Committee on Paperless Entries (SCOPE) to build an automated payment system after concerns for the number of checks being cleared for payrolls. The success of this initiative led to an expansion to other employees and the government adopted it as a major payroll standard. One early predecessor was a US federal initiative used to help United States Air Force personnel get their paychecks on time. The ideas leading to the ACH arose in the late 1960s. The Federal Reserve's FedACH and The Clearing House Payments Company's Electronic Payments Network (EPN) are the two ACH operators in the United States. Credit card payments are handled by separate networks. In 2018, the network processed 23 billion transactions with a total value of $51.2 trillion. The rules and regulations that govern the ACH network are established by National Automated Clearinghouse Association (Nacha). ACH direct debit transfers include consumer payments on insurance premiums, mortgage loans, and other kinds of bills. ACH credit transfers include direct deposit for payroll, Social Security and other benefit payments, tax refunds, and vendor payments. ACH processes large volumes of credit and debit transactions in batches. It processes financial transactions for consumers, businesses, and federal, state, and local governments. In the United States, the ACH Network is the national automated clearing house (ACH) for electronic funds transfers established in the 1960s and 1970s.
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